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Introduction Part One · SELF-DEFEATING THEORIES Chapter 1 · THEORIES THAT ARE INDIRECTLY SELF-DEFEATING 3 1 The Self-interest Theory 3 2 How S Can Be Indirectly Self-defeating 5 3 Does S Tell Us to Be Never Self-denying? 7 4 Why S Does Not Fail in Its Own Terms 11 5 Could It Be Rational to Cause Oneself to Act Irrationally? 12 6 How S Implies that We Cannot Avoid Acting Irrationally 13 7 An Argument for Rejecting S When It Conflicts with Morality 17 8 Why This Argument Fails 19 9 How S Might Be Self-Effacing 23 10 How Consequentialism Is Indirectly Self-defeating 24 11 Why C Does Not Fail in Its Own Terms 28 12 The Ethics of Fantasy 29 13 Collective Consequentialism 30 14 Blameless Wrongdoing 31 15 Could It Be Impossible to Avoid Acting Wrongly? 35 16 Could It Be Right to Cause Oneself to Act Wrongly? 37 17 How C Might Be Self-Effacing 40 18 The Objection that Assumes Inflexibility 43 19 Can Being Rational or Moral Be a Mere Means? 45 20 Conclusions 49 Chapter 2 · PRACTICAL DILEMMAS 53 21 Why C Cannot Be Directly Self-defeating 53 22 How Theories Can Be Directly Self-defeating 55 23 Prisoner's Dilemmas and Public Goods 56 24 The Practical Problem and its Solutions 62 Chapter 3 · FIVE MISTAKES IN MORAL MATHEMATICS 67 25 The Share-of-the-Total View 67 26 Ignoring the Effects of Sets of Acts 70 27 Ignoring Small Chances 73 28 Ignoring Small or Imperceptible Effects 75 29 Can There Be Imperceptible Harms and Benefits? 78 30 Overdetermination 82 31 Rational Altruism 83 |
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Reasons and Persons Introduction |