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CP1 Principles of Philosophy (1931)

Harvard University Press 1931

Introduction

Book I. General Historical Orientation

Chapter 1. Lessons From the History of Philosophy 15
Chapter 2. Lessons From the History of Science 43
Chapter 3. Notes On Scientific Philosophy 126

Book II. The Classification of The Sciences

Chapter 1. An Outline Classification of The Sciences
Chapter 2. A Detailed Classification of The Sciences

Book III. Phenomenology

Chapter 1. Introduction 284
Chapter 2. The Categories In Detail
Chapter 3. A Guess At The Riddle 354
Chapter 4. The Logic Of Mathematics; An Attempt To Develop My Categories From Within 417
Chapter 5. Degenerate Cases 521
Chapter 6. On A New List Of Categories 545
Chapter 7. Triadomany 568

Book IV. The Normative Sciences

Chapter 1. Introduction 573
Chapter 2. Ultimate Goods 575
Chapter 3. An Attempted Classification Of Ends 585
Chapter 4. Ideals Of Conduct 591
Chapter 5. Vitally Important Topics 616

CP2 Elements of Logic (1932)

Introduction

Book I. General and Historical Survey of Logic

Chapter 1. Critical Analysis of Logical Theories 1
Chapter 2. Partial Synopsis of a Proposed Work in Logic 79
Chapter 3. Why Study Logic? 119

Book II. Speculative Grammar

Chapter 1. Ethics of Terminology 219
Chapter 2. Division of Signs 227
Chapter 3. The Icon, Index and Symbol 274
Chapter 4. Propositions 309
Chapter 5. Terms. 391
Chapter 6. The Grammatical Theory of Judgement and Inference 435

Book III. Critical Logic

A. Explicative Reasoning
Chapter 1. The Aristotelian Syllogistic 445
Chapter 2. On the Natural Classification of Arguments 461
Chapter 3. Extension of the Aristotelian Syllogistic 517
Chapter 4. Notes on Explicative Reasoning 537
Chapter 5. Deduction, Induction and Hypothesis 619
Chapter 6. The Doctrine of Chances 645
Chapter 7. The Probability of Induction 669
Chapter 8. A Theory of Probable Inference 694
Chapter 9. The Varieties and Validity of Induction 755
Chapter 10. Notes on Ampliative Reasoning 773

CP3 The Mathematics of Logic (1932)

Introduction
Paper 1. On an Improvement in Boole’s Calculus of Logic (1867)
Paper 2. Upon the Logic of Mathematics (1867) 20
Paper 3. Description of a Notation for the Logic of Relatives, Resulting from an Amplification of the Conceptions of Boole's Calculus Of Logic (1870) 45
Paper 4. On the Application of Logical Analysis to Multiple Algebra (1875) 150
Paper 5. Note On Grassmann's Calculus of Extension (1877) 152
Paper 6. On the Algebra of Logic (1880) 154
Paper 7. On the Logic of Number (1881) 252
Paper 8. Associative Algebra
Paper 9. Brief Description of the Algebra of Relatives (1882) 306
Paper 10 On the Relative Forms of Quaternions (1882) 323
Paper 11. On a Class of Multiple Algebras (1882) 324
Paper 12. The Logic of Relatives (1883) 328
Paper 13. On the Algebra of Logic: A Contribution to the Philosophy of Notation (1885) 359
Paper 14. The Critic of Arguments (1892) 404
Paper 15. The Regenerated Logic (1896) 425
Paper 16. The Logic of Relatives (1897) 456
Paper 17. The Logic of Mathematics in Relation to Education (1898) 553
Paper 18. Infinitesimals (1900 563
Paper 19. Nomenclature and Divisions of Dyadic Relations (1903) 571
Paper 20. Notes on Symbolic Logic and Mathematics (1901 & 1911) 609

CP4 The Simplest Mathematics (1933)

INTRODUCTION
EDITORIAL NOTE

BOOK I. LOGIC AND MATHEMATICS

1
PREFACE 1
I. A BOOLIAN ALGEBRA WITH ONE CONSTANT (1880) 12
II. THE ESSENCE OF REASONING (1893) 21
III. SECOND INTENTIONAL LOGIC (1893) 80
IV. THE LOGIC OF QUANTITY (1893) 85
V. A THEORY ABOUT QUANTITY (1897) 153
VI. MULTITUDE AND NUMBER (1897)
VII. THE SIMPLEST MATHEMATICS (1902) 227
VIII. NOTES ON THE LIST OF POSTULATES OF DR. HUNTINGTON'S SECTION 2 (1904) 324
IX. ORDINALS (1905) 331
X. ANALYSIS OF SOME DEMONSTRATIONS CONCERNING POSITIVE INTEGERS (1905) 341

BOOK II. EXISTENTIAL GRAPHS

I. EULER'S DIAGRAMS 347
II. SYMBOLIC LOGIC 372
III. EXISTENTIAL GRAPHS
IV. ON EXISTENTIAL GRAPHS, EULER'S DIAGRAMS, AND LOGICAL ALGEBRA 418
    Introduction 418
    Part I. Principles of Interpretation 424
    Part II. The Principles of Illative Transformation
V. THE GAMMA PART OF EXISTENTIAL GRAPHS 510
VI. PROLEGOMENA TO AN APOLOGY FOR PRAGMATICISM 530
VII. AN IMPROVEMENT ON THE GAMMA GRAPHS 573

BOOK III. THE AMAZING MAZES

A. THE FIRST CURIOSITY 585
B. A SECOND CURIOSITY 643
C. ANOTHER CURIOSITY 647

CP5 Pragmatism and Pragmaticism (1934)

Introduction
Editorial Note
Preface
    1. A Definition of Pragmatic and Pragmatism 1
    2. The Architectonic Construction of Pragmatism 5
    3. Historical Affinities and Genesis 11

BOOK I. LECTURES ON PRAGMATISM

I. PRAGMATISM: THE NORMATIVE SCIENCES 14
II. THE UNIVERSAL CATEGORIES 41
III. THE CATEGORIES CONTINUED 66
IV. THE REALITY OF THIRDNESS 93
V. THREE KINDS OF GOODNESS 120
VI. THREE TYPES OF REASONING 151
VII. PRAGMATISM AND ABDUCTION 180

BOOK II. PUBLISHED PAPERS

I. QUESTIONS CONCERNING CERTAIN FACULTIES CLAIMED FOR MAN
II. SOME CONSEQUENCES OF FOUR INCAPACITIES 264
III. GROUNDS OF VALIDITY OF THE LAWS OF LOGIC: FURTHER CONSEQUENCES OF FOUR INCAPACITIES 318
IV. THE FIXATION OF BELIEF 358
V. HOW TO MAKE OUR IDEAS CLEAR 388
VI. WHAT PRAGMATISM IS 411
VII. ISSUES OF PRAGMATICISM 438

BOOK III. UNPUBLISHED PAPERS

A. A SURVEY OF PRAGMATICISM 464
B. PRAGMATICISM AND CRITICAL COMMON-SENSISM 497
C. CONSEQUENCES OF CRITICAL COMMON-SENSISM 502
D. BELIEF AND JUDGMENT 538
E. TRUTH 549
F. METHODS FOR ATTAINING TRUTH 574
APPENDIX 605
    

CP6 Scientific Metaphysics (1934)

Preface

1. The Backward State of Metaphysics 1 1
2. The Problems of Metaphysics 6 6

BOOK I. ONTOLOGY AND COSMOLOGY

7

A. Tychism

7
CHAPTER 1. THE ARCHITECTURE OF THEORIES 7
CHAPTER 2. THE DOCTRINE OF NECESSITY EXAMINED 35
CHAPTER 3. CAUSATION AND FORCE 66
CHAPTER 4. VARIETY AND UNIFORMITY 88

B. Synechism and Agapism

CHAPTER 5. THE LAW OF MIND 102
CHAPTER 6. THE CONTINUUM 164
CHAPTER 7. THE LOGIC OF CONTINUITY 185
CHAPTER 8. OBJECTIVE LOGIC 214
CHAPTER 9. MAN'S GLASSY ESSENCE 238
CHAPTER 10. MIND AND MATTER 272
CHAPTER 11. EVOLUTIONARY LOVE 287
CHAPTER 12. NOTES ON METAPHYSICS 318

BOOK II. RELIGION

395
CHAPTER 1. THE ORDER OF NATURE 395
CHAPTER 2. A RELIGION OF SCIENCE 428
CHAPTER 3. A NEGLECTED ARGUMENT FOR THE REALITY OF GOD 452
CHAPTER 4. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS CONCERNING MY BELIEF IN GOD 494
CHAPTER 5. HUME ON MIRACLES 522
CHAPTER 6. SCIENCE AND IMMORTALITY 548
CHAPTER 7. LOGIC AND SPIRITUALISM 557
    

APPENDIX

588
A. Reply to the Necessitarians; Rejoinder to Dr. Carus 588
B. Nominalism Versus Realism 619
C. What is Meant by "Determined"? 625

CP7 Science and Philosophy (1934)


CP8 Reviews, Correspondence and Bibliography (1934)

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Books
The Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce

CP3 The Mathematics of Logic
Harvard University Press 1932

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Contents


Introduction
Paper 01. On an Improvement in Boole’s Calculus of Logic (1867) 1
Paper 02. Upon the Logic of Mathematics (1867) 20
1. The Boolian Calculus 20
2. On Arithmetic 42
Paper 03. Description of a Notation for the Logic of Relatives, Resulting from an Amplification of the Conceptions of Boole's Calculus Of Logic (1870) 45
1. De Morgan's Notation 45
2. General Definitions of the Algebraic Signs 47
3. Application of the Algebraic Signs to Logic 62
4. General Formulæ 81
5. General Method of Working with this Notation 89
6. Properties of Particular Relative Terms 135
Paper 04. On the Application of Logical Analysis to Multiple Algebra (1875) 150
Paper 05. Note On Grassmann's Calculus of Extension (1877) 152
Paper 06. On the Algebra of Logic (1880) 154
Part I. Syllogistic 154
1. Derivation of Logic 154
2. Syllogism and Dialogism 162
3. Forms of Propositions 173
4. The Algebra of the Copula 182
Part II. The Logic of Non-Relative Terms 198
1. The Internal Multiplication and the Addition of Logic 198
2. The Resolution of Problems in Non-Relative Logic 204
Part III The Logic of Relatives 214
1. Individual and Simple Terms 214
2. Relatives 218
3. Relatives connected by Transposition of Relate and Correlate 223
4. Classification of Relatives 225
5. The Composition of Relatives 236
6. Methods in the Algebra of Relatives 245
7. The General Formulæ for Relatives 248
Paper 07. On the Logic of Number (1881) 252
1. Definition of Quantity 252
2. Simple Quantity 255
3. Discrete Quantity 257
4. Semi-infinite Quantity 260
5. Discrete Simple Quantity Infinite in both Directions 272
6. Limited Discrete Simple Quantity 280
Paper 08. Associative Algebras 289
1. On the Relative Forms of the Algebras 289
2. On the Algebras in which Division is Unambiguous 297
Paper 09. Brief Description of the Algebra of Relatives (1882) 306
Paper 10 On the Relative Forms of Quaternions (1882) 323
Paper 11. On a Class of Multiple Algebras (1882) 324
Paper 12. The Logic of Relatives (1883) 328
Paper 13. On the Algebra of Logic: A Contribution to the Philosophy of Notation (1885) 359
1. Three Kinds of Signs 359
2. Non-Relative Logic 365
3. First-Intentional Logic of Relatives 392
4. Second-Intentional Logic 398
5. Note 403
Paper 14. The Critic of Arguments (1892) 404
1. Exact Thinking 404
2. The Reader is Introduced to Relatives 415
Paper 15. The Regenerated Logic (1896) 425
Paper 16. The Logic of Relatives (1897) 456
1. Three Grades of Clearness 456
2. Of the Term Relation in its First Grade of Clearness 458
3. Of Relation in the Second Grade of Clearness 464
4. Of Relation in the Third Grade of Clearness 468
5. Triads, the Primitive Relatives 483
6. Relatives of Second Intention 488
7. The Algebra of Dyadic Relatives 492
8. General Algebra of Logic 499
9. Method of Calculating with the General Algebra 503
10. Schröder's Conception of Logical Problems 510
11. Professor Schröder's Pentagrammatical Notation 520
12. Professor Schröder's Iconic Solution of x∠φx 523
13. Introduction to the Logic of Quantity 526
Paper 17. The Logic of Mathematics in Relation to Education (1898) 553
1. Of Mathematics in General 553
2. Of Pure Number 562
Paper 18. Infinitesimals (1900 563
Paper 19. Nomenclature and Divisions of Dyadic Relations (1903) 571
1. Nomenclature 571
2. First System of Divisions 578
3. Second System of Divisions 583
4. Third System of Divisions 588
5. Fourth System of Divisions 601
6. Note on the Nomenclature and Divisions of Modal Dyadic Relations 606
Paper 20. Notes on Symbolic Logic and Mathematics (1901 & 1911) 609
Appendix on Nonions 646

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